Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are non-conventional T cells that localize within inflamed tissue. Upon activation, MAIT cells act as effector cells with both cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory properties. The Prlic Lab determined MAIT cells have a unique transcriptional signature based on whether located within the blood or inflamed tissue. Conventional T cells activate through a TCR signal, however, MAIT cells require both TCR and inflammatory signals to elicit sustained effector function. They also established that an inflammatory signal could elicit CTLA-4 expression ex vivo, and that use of both TCR and inflammatory signals had a synergistic effect. Given MAIT cells detect bacteria-derived metabolites and not peptides, MAIT cells can be specifically targeted to alter CTLA-4 expression for immunomodulatory purposes.
Targeted immunomodulation within inflamed mucosal tissues
MAIT cell activation will not affect conventional T cell activity
Patent Information
Patent pending
Market Overview
In 2015, the World Health Organization estimated that 3 million US adults (1.3% of the population) were diagnosed with either Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. The global anti-inflammatory therapeutics market is predicted to reach USD 130.6 billion by 2026 with a predicted CAGR of 8.5% between 2018 and 2026. The combination of increasing prevalence of inflammatory diseases (e.g., Crohn’s) and an impressive drug pipeline are boosting the market growth.
Investigator Overview
Martin Prlic, PhD - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division